Safety in an elevators or lift.

What are safeties in elevator or lift?

Elevators are equipped with multiple safety devices to ensure the well-being of passengers and to prevent accidents. Here's a point-wise detailed description of some of the common safety devices used in elevators:

1. Emergency Stop Button:- Typically located in the elevator car and near the elevator's machinery room, on car top and pit, the emergency stop button allows passengers, maintenance personnel, or authorized personnel to halt the elevator in case of an emergency or malfunction.

2. Door Interlocks:- Door interlocks ensure that the elevator doors remain closed and securely latched during travel. If the doors are not properly closed, the elevator will not move. All landing door are connected in series if any one door open or not making door safety close then lift not running.

3. Hoistway Door Locks:- These locks secure the hoistway doors from the outside to prevent unauthorized access or accidental entry. They are typically controlled by elevator personnel. Hoistway door are open by special key called door key.

4. Elevator Overload Sensor:- Elevators are equipped with overload sensors that detect excess weight or load in the elevator car. If the weight exceeds the safe limit, the elevator will not operate until the excess weight is removed. When lift overload it give indication in car and make siren sound.

5. Governor and Safety Gear:- The over speed governor is a mechanical safety device that monitors the elevator's speed. If the elevator goes too fast or experiences a free fall, the governor activates the safety gear, which safely stops the elevator.

6. Emergency Communication System:- Elevators are equipped with an emergency communication system, often an intercom or phone, allowing passengers to call for help in case of an emergency. It connects to a 24/7 monitoring service or the building's security personnel.

7. Fire Service Operation (Fireman's Service):- In case of a fire, elevators are equipped with a designated fire service mode that allows firefighters to control and use the elevator during emergencies. This function ensures that firefighters can access all floors quickly.

8. Emergency Lighting:- In the event of a power failure, emergency lighting in the elevator car provides illumination to assist passengers and allow safe evacuation.

9. Duplex Safety Control:- Many elevators use dual (duplex) safety control systems that work in parallel. If one system fails, the other takes over, ensuring redundancy and reliability.

10. Door Reversal Mechanism:- In the event of an obstruction, such as a passenger or object preventing the door from closing, the door reversal mechanism causes the doors to reopen. It prevents injuries and property damage.

11. Anti-Nuisance Alarms:- Anti-nuisance alarms prevent passengers from holding or forcing doors open, which can lead to dangerous situations. These alarms sound if doors are repeatedly held open.

12. Pit and Top of Car Safety Devices:- Safety devices located in the pit and on top of the elevator car monitor for obstructions and ensure that the elevator doesn't move when someone is in the pit or on top of the car.

13. Safety Edges:- Safety edges are pressure-sensitive devices installed on elevator doors and car entrances. They detect obstructions and stop the doors from closing or reopening if an obstruction is detected.

14. Emergency Brakes:- Elevators are equipped with emergency brakes that engage if the elevator exceeds safe speed limits or if there is a malfunction. These brakes can safely bring the elevator to a stop.

15. Smoke and Heat Detectors:- In the event of a fire, smoke and heat detectors in the elevator car or hoistway can trigger a recall to a designated landing and prevent the elevator from being used during a fire emergency.

16. Limit switch:- Different types of Limit switch are used in elevator for slowing the speed of elevator on top and bottom floor called slowing speed limit, final limit switch are used on top and bottom floor for defining the maximum running limit of elevator.

These safety devices are vital for the protection of elevator passengers and the prevention of accidents. Elevators are subject to strict safety regulations, and regular maintenance and inspections are necessary to ensure that these devices function correctly.